Fed paper: federal funds market remains key window into bank liquidity

The framing here is the notable part: the central bank's own researchers are arguing that composition of lending, not just volume, carries the diagnostic signal. That matters because the federal funds market's borrower and lender mix has shifted substantially since the crisis, so headline activity alone could mask stress or resilience. For anyone tracking bank liquidity through money-market data, it is a reminder that counterparty identity deserves as much attention as aggregate flows. Whether this compositional lens becomes standard in how the market is read is the open question.