TREE NEWS update: A Tsinghua University team led by Li Di, head of the astronomy department, published research in Nature Astronomy on September 17, 2026, using FAST and the JVLA to observe the Andromeda galaxy (M31). They identified 118 neutral hydrogen superbubbles and directly estimated the long-term kinetic energy input from supernova explosions, showing it is sufficient to compensate for the dissipation of neutral hydrogen turbulence in M31.
Tsinghua team links supernova-driven superbubbles to galaxy turbulence in M31
AI take
This is a rare direct energy-budget measurement in an external galaxy, turning a long-standing theoretical claim about supernova-driven turbulence into an observational constraint. It matters for galaxy-evolution modelling, where turbulence regulates star formation and gas structure, and it showcases FAST's role in resolved nearby-galaxy work. The open question is whether the same energy balance holds in galaxies with different star-formation histories and in more distant systems.
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